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In other words, it's a gamble. .
The reverse is also true. If computational power is taken from the network, the problem adjusts downward to earn mining simpler. .
"Say I tell three friends that I'm thinking about a number between 1 and 100, and I write that number on a piece of paper and seal it in an envelope. My friends don't need to guess the exact number, they simply must be the first person to figure any number that is less than or equal to this number I am thinking of.
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"Let us say I'm thinking of the number 19. If Friend A guesses 21, they shed because 21>19. If Friend B guesses 16 and Friend C guesses 12, then they have both theoretically arrived at viable answers, because 16<19 and 12<19. There's no'extra credit' for Friend B, even though B's answer was closer to the goal answer of 19. .
"Now imagine I present the'guess what number I am thinking of' question, but I'm not asking only 3 friends, and I'm not thinking of a number between 1 and 100. Instead, I'm asking millions of would-be miners and I am thinking about a 64-digit hexadecimal number. Now you see that it's going to be extremely difficult to guess the ideal answer." .
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If 1 in 7 trillion doesn't sound hard enough as is, here is the catch to the grab. Not only do bitcoin miners need to think of the right hash, they also have to be the very first to do it.
Because bitcoin mining is essentially guesswork, arriving at the right answer before another miner has almost everything to do with how fast your computer can create hashes. Just a decade ago, bitcoin miners could be carried out competitively on normal desktops. Over time, however, miners recognized that pictures cards commonly used for video games tend to be more capable of mining than desktops and graphics processing units (GPU) came to dominate the match.
These can run from $500 to the tens of thousands. .
Today, bitcoin mining is so aggressive that it can only be done profitably using all the latest up-to-date ASICs. When using desktop computers, GPUs, or older versions of ASICs, the expense of energy consumption actually exceeds the revenue generated. Even with the newest unit available, one pc is seldom enough to compete with exactly what miners call"mining pools" .
A mining pool is a group of miners that combine their computing power and split the mined bitcoin between participants. A disproportionately high number of cubes are mined by pools rather than by individual miners. In July 2017, mining pools and companies represented approximately 80% to 90% of bitcoin computing power. .
Between 1 in 7 trillion chances, scaling difficulty levels, and also the huge network of consumers verifying transactions, one block of important source transactions is verified roughly every 10 minutes. But its important to remember that 10 minutes is a target, not a rule.
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The bitcoin network can process about seven transactions per second, with transactions being logged in the blockchain every 10 minutes. Since the network of bitcoin consumers continues to grow, however, the number of transactions made in 10 minutes will eventually exceed the number of transactions which can be processed in 10 minutes.
This dilemma at the heart of the bitcoin protocol is known as scaling. While bitcoin miners generally agree that something has to be done to address scaling, there is less consensus regarding how can it. At the time of writing, there are two big solutions to this scaling problem, either (1) to lower the amount of data needed to confirm each block or (2) to increase the number of transactions that each block can save.
Solution 2 will deal with scaling by allowing for much more information to be processed every 10 minutes. .
In July 2017, bitcoin miners and mining companies representing approximately 80% to 90% of their networks computing electricity voted to incorporate a program that will reduce the amount of data needed to confirm each block. In other words, they went with Solution 1.
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The program that miners voted to add to the bitcoin protocol is known as a segregated witness, or SegWit. This term is an amalgamation of Segregated, meaning to different, and Witness, which refers to signatures on a bitcoin transaction. Segregated Witness, then, means to separate transaction signatures out of a block and join them as an extended block.